IEEE Std 2030.9-2019 pdf download – IEEE Recommended Practice for the Planning and Design of the Microgrid.
Power output forecasting is the basis for the calculation of electric power and energy balance. For solar and wind power output forecasting, the monitoring data of solar radiation and wind speed in the area of the microgrid should be collected and analyzed in advance for a minimum of a whole year, which is used to analyze the annual energy generation, annual generation curves, and typical daily generation curves. The data collected should include: Representative maximum and average values of monthly irradiance and wind speed for consecutive years b) The hourly total radiation, direct radiation, scattered radiation, sunshine duration, and wind speed for at least a whole year during the same period within the time horizon of the microgrid planning c) The monthly average temperature and extreme temperature for consecutive years d) The maximum wind speed, the extreme wind speed, and its occurrence time for consecutive years e) The amount of extreme weather for consecutive years, such as consecutive rainy days, thunderstorm days, and sand storms For power generation using biomass, natural gas, and diesel as the main fuel, besides generator unit characteristics, the fuel condition also has influence on the power output forecasting. Fuel quality, supply, and price should be investigated and collected for historical and current periods to be used for evaluation and forecasting of generating output within the planning horizon.
5.4.2 Balance of electric power and energy Microgrids should be able to balance power and energy automatically to some extent. During the process of switching between the stand- alone and grid-connected modes, the interruption of power supply should be avoided. In the stand-alone mode, the continuous power supply should be maintained for certain time, especially to the critical loads. When calculating the balance of electric power and energy, according to the load characteristics and output characteristics of DGs, the electric power balance of electric power with peak load in different years of the planning period and different operation modes of the microgrid (zero-power output or maximum power output) needs to be listed (season-by-season analysis or month-by-month analysis), aiming at identifying the supply and absorb capacity of EPS in different modes. The ability of peak regulation and frequency adjustment of the EPS should be analyzed in the electric power and energy balance calculation, and the power supply and acceptance capacity of EPS for microgrid should be identfied.